BBC Warsaw correspondent

Work is underneath technique to make all males in Poland bear navy coaching, Prime Minister Donald Tusk stated.
In a speech to the Polish parliament, Tusk stated the federal government aimed to provide full particulars within the coming months.
Efforts are being made to “put together large-scale navy coaching for each grownup male in Poland,” he advised the Sejm.
“We are going to attempt to have a mannequin prepared by the tip of this 12 months so that each grownup male in Poland is skilled within the occasion of conflict, in order that this reserve is comparable and satisfactory to the potential threats.”
Tusk stated the Ukrainian military has 800,000 troopers, while Russia has round 1.3 million and he needs to extend the scale of the Polish military, together with reservists, to 500,000 from round 200,000 now.
“We’re speaking about the necessity to have a military of half 1,000,000 in Poland, together with the reservists,” he stated.
“It appears if we organise issues correctly, and I am speaking consistently with the Minister of Defence, we should use a number of programs of motion. Which means the reservists, but additionally intensive coaching to make those that don’t go into the military fully-fledged and competent troopers throughout a battle,” he added.
Tusk stated girls may bear navy coaching, however “conflict, remains to be to a higher extent the area of males”.
The prime minister stated his authorities was additionally “rigorously inspecting” France’s proposal to incorporate Europe underneath its nuclear umbrella.
“I wish to know to start with intimately what it means by way of the authority over these weapons,” he stated.
Tusk identified Ukraine was invaded after it removed its personal nuclear arsenal, including Warsaw wish to purchase its personal nuclear weapons, nonetheless distant a chance that could be.
“At present, it’s clear that we’d be safer if we had our personal nuclear arsenal, that’s past doubt. In any case the highway to that will be very lengthy and there must be a consensus too,” he stated.
Poland is already planning to spend 4.7% of its financial output on defence this 12 months, the very best proportion within the Nato alliance.
Tusk advised parliament that spending ought to improve to five% of GDP.
Earlier, President Duda proposed amending the structure to make defence spending at a degree of 4% of GDP obligatory
The prime minister additionally stated he helps Poland withdrawing from the Ottawa conference that bans the usage of antipersonnel landmines, and in addition probably from the Dublin conference that bans the usage of cluster munitions.
Poland has ramped up defence spending since Russia’s full-scale invasion of neighbouring Ukraine in 2022.
It has signed arms contracts price round $20bn (£15.5bn) with the US to purchase 250 M1A2 Abrams battle tanks, 32 F-35 jets, 96 Apache helicopters, Javelin missiles, and artillery rocket techniques.
Warsaw has additionally signed contracts with South Korea to buy K2 tanks and FA-50 gentle fight plane.
There’s rising nervousness amongst Poles about their future safety following US President Donald Trump’s choice to droop navy provides to Ukraine. Most Poles consider supporting Ukraine is in their very own safety pursuits.
Mirosław Kaznowski, the deputy mayor of Milanówek, a small city outdoors Warsaw, advised BBC Information this week {that a} buddy of his has determined to spend money on a start-up to construct low-cost underground bomb shelters for companies and houses.
His buddy stated curiosity was excessive, he added.