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Home»Local News»Know Your City | Bengaluru and the story of Great Trigonometrical Survey undertaken across the country | Bangalore News
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Know Your City | Bengaluru and the story of Great Trigonometrical Survey undertaken across the country | Bangalore News

May 6, 2025No Comments4 Mins Read
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Maps are one thing we now take as a right. Whereas driving from one nook of Bengaluru to a different, the accuracy of purposes comparable to Google Maps or different GPS units isn’t one thing the common traveller questions. However centuries in the past, within the early years of the British Raj, the making of correct maps was the enterprise of empires–within the case of India, it was an immense endeavour that may take a lifetime to finish.

It additionally pays to contemplate the background towards which the Nice Trigonometrical Survey of India was undertaken. Even in loss of life, the spectre of Tipu Sultan would have loomed over the British. Barely 20 years earlier, Hyder Ali and Tipu had trapped and destroyed a British pressure at Pollilur, with over 2,000 fatalities. A radical mapping of the nation they aimed to rule would subsequently be crucial.

To simplify a quite advanced course of, the Nice Trigonometrical Survey concerned measuring a collection of immense triangles throughout the nation to allow the correct mapping of the land and the verification of latitudes and longitudes of particular locations. In these calculations, the baseline of the triangle could be essential in sustaining the accuracy of the general measurements. As recorded by British civil servant F C Danvers, the unique intent was to “throw a collection of triangles throughout from Madras to the alternative coast, for the aim of figuring out the breadth of the peninsula in that latitude, and of fixing the latitudes and longitudes of an amazing many vital locations”.

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The thoughts behind this challenge was then Captain ( and later Lt Col) William Lambton, who had earlier survey expertise in America and had joined the thirty third Regiment in 1797. Whereas he formally started what would turn out to be the Nice Survey in 1802 in Madras, plainly a trial run of kinds was carried out by measuring a baseline close to Bengaluru in 1800.

The measurement for this baseline was a series of blistered metal measuring 100 ft precisely at 62 levels Fahrenheit. The chain had an attention-grabbing historical past–it was initially rejected as a present by the emperor of China. A number of the survey devices that have been used are on show on the Science Gallery in Hebbal.

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The official survey within the Bengaluru space was finished in 1804. The Nice Trigonometrical Survey throughout the nation would take seventy years to finish–outliving Lambton. The precision measurements made by the survey proved effectively definitely worth the effort and unearthed a number of issues with the previous measurements. As Danvers put it, “The space from Madras to the alternative coast, in the identical parallel, was ascertained to be very almost 360 miles; whereas, till then, the perfect maps made it exceed 400 miles. All of the principal locations on the previous maps, which had been mounted astronomically, have been additionally discovered significantly out of place: for instance, Arcot was out 10 miles.”

Engineer P L Udaya Kumar, who heads the Mythic Society’s 3D digitisation efforts for historical inscriptions, has additionally researched the historical past of the Nice Trigonometrical Survey in Bengaluru. Talking to indianexpress.com, he stated, “The unique line was between Krishnarajapuram and Agara…wherever he measured in Bengaluru, he left marks. There are such marks from Kolar, Magadi, Hosur and different locations.” He defined, “Generally there could be a cross marked on stones. If there was no boulder, they’d place a mound there.”

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Udaya Kumar famous that so far as Bengaluru is worried, the unique constructions from Lambton’s time haven’t survived. “These factors have been measured a number of occasions and if the marker was crumbling, they’d have been rebuilt,” he stated.

Inside Bengaluru itself, two of the constructions that remained in Bengaluru have been a construction on the Hennur-Bagalur highway in Kannuru and a tower in Sampigehalli. Regrettably, the previous, relationship again to 1865, was largely demolished in June final yr in a single day. The income authorities had additionally filed a case towards unknown folks within the matter.

Lalbagh additionally has an attention-grabbing, if oblique, connection to the challenge. In some unspecified time in the future within the 1800s, it had come into the personal possession of 1 Gilbert Waugh for a number of years. His son Andrew would go on to go the Nice Trigonometrical Survey challenge after Sir George Everest and should have certainly named the mountain after him.

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